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Family planning in Pakistan
Even though there is considerable demand for family planning in Pakistan, the adoption of family planning has been hampered by government neglect, lack of services and misconceptions. Demographics play a large role in Pakistan's development and security since the recent change from military rule to civilian leadership.〔Hardee, Karen and Leahy, Elizabeth. "Population, Fertility and Family Planning in Pakistan: A Program in Stagnation." Population Action International. Volume 4, Number 1, 1-12. 2007.〕 Challenges to Pakistani's well-being, opportunities for education and employment, and access to health care are escalated due to the country's continuously-growing population.〔 It was estimated in 2005 that Pakistan's population totaled 151 million; a number which grows 1.9 percent annually, equaling a 2.9 million population growth per year.〔"Pakistan: Debating Islam and family planning." IRIN. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. 06 Apr 2011. http://irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=28617〕 Though Pakistan's fertility rates still exceed those of neighboring South Asian countries with a total fertility rate at 4.1 (3.3 children in urban settings and 4.5 children in rural areas) and contraception use is lower than 35 percent, approximately one-fourth of Pakistani women wish to either delay the birth of their next child or end childbearing altogether.〔
According to Dr. Ansar Ali Khan, an advisor of reproductive health to the United Nations Population Fund in Pakistan, "A combination of factors like non-availability of services, baseless traditional beliefs and misconception play a big role."〔 In addition, Ali Khan stated that "a fairly large number of the population believes the use of artificial contraceptives for family planning is against nature and also against Islam."〔 Unlike Family Planning in Iran, a neighboring Islamic republic, Pakistan's family planning program has failed in recent years due to neglect and constant policy changes as a result of political upheaval.〔Boonstra, Healther. "Islam, Women and Family Planning: A Primer." The Guttmacher Report on Public Policy. Volume 4, Number 6, 4-7. December 2001.〕 While 96 percent of married women were reported to know about at least one method of contraception, only half of them had ever used it.〔
==History==
In 1950, Pakistan's population reached 37 million people, making it the world's 13th most populous country.〔 Though Pakistan was one of the first Asian countries to begin a family planning program with some help from international donors, fertility has declined slower than in neighboring countries. In 2007, Pakistan had increased in world population ranking to 6th, with over 164 million people and the United Nations (UN) has projected that in 2050 it will move into 5th place with around 292 million people.〔
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